Add examples for how to use views

examples/views/confirm.py

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+from discord.ext import commands
+
+import discord
+
+
+class Bot(commands.Bot):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(command_prefix=commands.when_mentioned_or('$'))
+
+    async def on_ready(self):
+        print(f'Logged in as {self.user} (ID: {self.user.id})')
+        print('------')
+
+
+# Define a simple View that gives us a confirmation menu
+class Confirm(discord.ui.View):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.value = None
+
+    # When the confirm button is pressed, set the inner value to `True` and
+    # stop the View from listening to more input.
+    # We also send the user an ephemeral message that we're confirming their choice.
+    @discord.ui.button(label='Confirm', style=discord.ButtonStyle.green)
+    async def confirm(self, button: discord.ui.Button, interaction: discord.Interaction):
+        await interaction.response.send_message('Confirming', ephemeral=True)
+        self.value = True
+        self.stop()
+
+    # This one is similar to the confirmation button except sets the inner value to `False`
+    @discord.ui.button(label='Cancel', style=discord.ButtonStyle.grey)
+    async def cancel(self, button: discord.ui.Button, interaction: discord.Interaction):
+        await interaction.response.send_message('Cancelling', ephemeral=True)
+        self.value = False
+        self.stop()
+
+
+bot = Bot()
+
+
+@bot.command()
+async def ask(ctx: commands.Context):
+    """Asks the user a question to confirm something."""
+    # We create the view and assign it to a variable so we can wait for it later.
+    view = Confirm()
+    await ctx.send('Do you want to continue?', view=view)
+    # Wait for the View to stop listening for input...
+    await view.wait()
+    if view.value is None:
+        print('Timed out...')
+    elif view.value:
+        print('Confirmed...')
+    else:
+        print('Cancelled...')
+
+
+bot.run('token')

examples/views/counter.py

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+from discord.ext import commands
+
+import discord
+
+
+class CounterBot(commands.Bot):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(command_prefix=commands.when_mentioned_or('$'))
+
+    async def on_ready(self):
+        print(f'Logged in as {self.user} (ID: {self.user.id})')
+        print('------')
+
+
+# Define a simple View that gives us a counter button
+class Counter(discord.ui.View):
+
+    # Define the actual button
+    # When pressed, this increments the number displayed until it hits 5.
+    # When it hits 5, the counter button is disabled and it turns green.
+    # note: The name of the function does not matter to the library
+    @discord.ui.button(label='0', style=discord.ButtonStyle.red)
+    async def count(self, button: discord.ui.Button, interaction: discord.Interaction):
+        number = int(button.label) if button.label else 0
+        if number + 1 >= 5:
+            button.style = discord.ButtonStyle.green
+            button.disabled = True
+        button.label = str(number + 1)
+
+        # Make sure to update the message with our updated selves
+        await interaction.response.edit_message(view=self)
+
+
+bot = CounterBot()
+
+
+@bot.command()
+async def counter(ctx: commands.Context):
+    """Starts a counter for pressing."""
+    await ctx.send('Press!', view=Counter())
+
+
+bot.run('token')

examples/views/ephemeral.py

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+from discord.ext import commands
+
+import discord
+
+class EphemeralCounterBot(commands.Bot):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(command_prefix=commands.when_mentioned_or('$'))
+
+    async def on_ready(self):
+        print(f'Logged in as {self.user} (ID: {self.user.id})')
+        print('------')
+
+# Define a simple View that gives us a counter button
+class Counter(discord.ui.View):
+
+    # Define the actual button
+    # When pressed, this increments the number displayed until it hits 5.
+    # When it hits 5, the counter button is disabled and it turns green.
+    # note: The name of the function does not matter to the library
+    @discord.ui.button(label='0', style=discord.ButtonStyle.red)
+    async def count(self, button: discord.ui.Button, interaction: discord.Interaction):
+        number = int(button.label) if button.label else 0
+        if number + 1 >= 5:
+            button.style = discord.ButtonStyle.green
+            button.disabled = True
+        button.label = str(number + 1)
+
+        # Make sure to update the message with our updated selves
+        await interaction.response.edit_message(view=self)
+
+# Define a View that will give us our own personal counter button
+class EphemeralCounter(discord.ui.View):
+    # When this button is pressed, it will respond with a Counter view that will
+    # give the button presser their own personal button they can press 5 times.
+    @discord.ui.button(label='Click', style=discord.ButtonStyle.blurple)
+    async def receive(self, button: discord.ui.Button, interaction: discord.Interaction):
+        # ephemeral=True makes the message hidden from everyone except the button presser
+        await interaction.response.send_message('Enjoy!', view=Counter(), ephemeral=True)
+
+bot = EphemeralCounterBot()
+
+@bot.command()
+async def counter(ctx: commands.Context):
+    """Starts a counter for pressing."""
+    await ctx.send('Press!', view=EphemeralCounter())
+
+bot.run('token')

examples/views/persistent.py

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+from discord.ext import commands
+import discord
+
+
+class PersistentViewBot(commands.Bot):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(command_prefix=commands.when_mentioned_or('$'))
+
+    async def on_ready(self):
+        print(f'Logged in as {self.user} (ID: {self.user.id})')
+        print('------')
+
+
+# Define a simple View that persists between bot restarts
+# In order a view to persist between restarts it needs to meet the following conditions:
+# 1) The timeout of the View has to be set to None
+# 2) Every item in the View has to have a custom_id set
+# It is recommended that the custom_id be sufficiently unique to
+# prevent conflicts with other buttons the bot sends.
+# For this example the custom_id is prefixed with the name of the bot.
+# Note that custom_ids can only be up to 100 characters long.
+class PersistentView(discord.ui.View):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(timeout=None)
+
+    @discord.ui.button(label='Green', style=discord.ButtonStyle.green, custom_id='persistent_view:green')
+    async def green(self, button: discord.ui.Button, interaction: discord.Interaction):
+        await interaction.response.send_message('This is green.', ephemeral=True)
+
+    @discord.ui.button(label='Red', style=discord.ButtonStyle.red, custom_id='persistent_view:red')
+    async def red(self, button: discord.ui.Button, interaction: discord.Interaction):
+        await interaction.response.send_message('This is red.', ephemeral=True)
+
+    @discord.ui.button(label='Grey', style=discord.ButtonStyle.grey, custom_id='persistent_view:grey')
+    async def grey(self, button: discord.ui.Button, interaction: discord.Interaction):
+        await interaction.response.send_message('This is grey.', ephemeral=True)
+
+
+bot = PersistentViewBot()
+
+# Register the persistent view for listening
+# Note that this does not send the view to any message.
+# In order to do this you need to first send a message with the View, which is shown below.
+# If you have the message_id you can also pass it as a keyword argument, but for this example
+# we don't have one.
+bot.add_view(PersistentView())
+
+
+@bot.command()
+@commands.is_owner()
+async def prepare(ctx: commands.Context):
+    """Starts a persistent view."""
+    # In order for a persistent view to be listened to, it needs to be sent to an actual message.
+    # Call this method once just to store it somewhere.
+    # In a more complicated program you might fetch the message_id from a database for use later.
+    # However this is outside of the scope of this simple example.
+    await ctx.send("What's your favourite colour?", view=PersistentView())
+
+
+bot.run('token')

examples/views/tic_tac_toe.py

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+from typing import List
+from discord.ext import commands
+import discord
+
+# Defines a custom button that contains the logic of the game.
+# The ['TicTacToe'] bit is for type hinting purposes to tell your IDE or linter
+# what the type of `self.view` is. It is not required.
+class TicTacToeButton(discord.ui.Button['TicTacToe']):
+    def __init__(self, x: int, y: int):
+        # A label is required, but we don't need one so a zero-width space is used
+        # The row parameter tells the View which row to place the button under.
+        # A View can only contain up to 5 rows -- each row can only have 5 buttons.
+        # Since a Tic Tac Toe grid is 3x3 that means we have 3 rows and 3 columns.
+        super().__init__(style=discord.ButtonStyle.secondary, label='\u200b', row=y)
+        self.x = x
+        self.y = y
+
+    # This function is called whenever this particular button is pressed
+    # This is part of the "meat" of the game logic
+    async def callback(self, interaction: discord.Interaction):
+        assert self.view is not None
+        view: TicTacToe = self.view
+        state = view.board[self.y][self.x]
+        if state in (view.X, view.O):
+            return
+
+        if view.current_player == view.X:
+            self.style = discord.ButtonStyle.danger
+            self.label = 'X'
+            self.disabled = True
+            view.board[self.y][self.x] = view.X
+            view.current_player = view.O
+            content = "It is now O's turn"
+        else:
+            self.style = discord.ButtonStyle.success
+            self.label = 'O'
+            self.disabled = True
+            view.board[self.y][self.x] = view.O
+            view.current_player = view.X
+            content = "It is now X's turn"
+
+        winner = view.check_board_winner()
+        if winner is not None:
+            if winner == view.X:
+                content = 'X won!'
+            elif winner == view.O:
+                content = 'O won!'
+            else:
+                content = "It's a tie!"
+
+            for child in view.children:
+                child.disabled = True
+
+            view.stop()
+
+        await interaction.response.edit_message(content=content, view=view)
+
+
+# This is our actual board View
+class TicTacToe(discord.ui.View):
+    # This tells the IDE or linter that all our children will be TicTacToeButtons
+    # This is not required
+    children: List[TicTacToeButton]
+    X = -1
+    O = 1
+    Tie = 2
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.current_player = self.X
+        self.board = [
+            [0, 0, 0],
+            [0, 0, 0],
+            [0, 0, 0],
+        ]
+
+        # Our board is made up of 3 by 3 TicTacToeButtons
+        # The TicTacToeButton maintains the callbacks and helps steer
+        # the actual game.
+        for x in range(3):
+            for y in range(3):
+                self.add_item(TicTacToeButton(x, y))
+
+    # This method checks for the board winner -- it is used by the TicTacToeButton
+    def check_board_winner(self):
+        for across in self.board:
+            value = sum(across)
+            if value == 3:
+                return self.O
+            elif value == -3:
+                return self.X
+
+        # Check vertical
+        for line in range(3):
+            value = self.board[0][line] + self.board[1][line] + self.board[2][line]
+            if value == 3:
+                return self.O
+            elif value == -3:
+                return self.X
+
+        # Check diagonals
+        diag = self.board[0][2] + self.board[1][1] + self.board[2][0]
+        if diag == 3:
+            return self.O
+        elif diag == -3:
+            return self.X
+
+        diag = self.board[0][0] + self.board[1][1] + self.board[2][2]
+        if diag == 3:
+            return self.O
+        elif diag == -3:
+            return self.X
+
+        # If we're here, we need to check if a tie was made
+        if all(i != 0 for row in self.board for i in row):
+            return self.Tie
+
+        return None
+
+
+class TicTacToeBot(commands.Bot):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__(command_prefix=commands.when_mentioned_or('$'))
+
+    async def on_ready(self):
+        print(f'Logged in as {self.user} (ID: {self.user.id})')
+        print('------')
+
+
+bot = TicTacToeBot()
+
+
+@bot.command()
+async def tic(ctx: commands.Context):
+    """Starts a tic-tac-toe game with yourself."""
+    await ctx.send('Tic Tac Toe: X goes first', view=TicTacToe())
+
+
+bot.run('token')