From 4f539b710f38a80a35fdb448d0e43b53d219c455 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Rapptz <rapptz@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 16 Aug 2025 05:21:19 -0400
Subject: [PATCH] Fix type errors in all examples

---
 discord/ui/action_row.py              |  2 +-
 examples/advanced_startup.py          |  1 -
 examples/app_commands/basic.py        | 30 ++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 examples/app_commands/transformers.py |  3 +++
 examples/background_task.py           |  8 ++++++-
 examples/background_task_asyncio.py   |  9 +++++++-
 examples/basic_bot.py                 |  9 +++++++-
 examples/basic_voice.py               |  9 ++++----
 examples/converters.py                | 12 ++++++++---
 examples/deleted.py                   |  3 +++
 examples/edits.py                     |  3 +++
 examples/guessing_game.py             |  3 +++
 examples/modals/basic.py              |  3 +++
 examples/new_member.py                |  3 +++
 examples/reaction_roles.py            |  6 ++++++
 examples/reply.py                     |  3 +++
 examples/secret.py                    |  7 +++++++
 examples/views/confirm.py             |  2 ++
 examples/views/counter.py             |  3 +++
 examples/views/dropdown.py            |  3 +++
 examples/views/dynamic_counter.py     |  3 +++
 examples/views/ephemeral.py           |  3 +++
 examples/views/layout.py              |  3 +++
 examples/views/link.py                |  3 +++
 examples/views/persistent.py          |  3 +++
 examples/views/tic_tac_toe.py         |  3 +++
 26 files changed, 124 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/discord/ui/action_row.py b/discord/ui/action_row.py
index 9af19d10d..7d2fc64a9 100644
--- a/discord/ui/action_row.py
+++ b/discord/ui/action_row.py
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 
     SelectCallbackDecorator = Callable[[ItemCallbackType['S', BaseSelectT]], BaseSelectT]
 
-S = TypeVar('S', bound='ActionRow', covariant=True)
+S = TypeVar('S', bound=Union['ActionRow', 'LayoutView'], covariant=True)
 V = TypeVar('V', bound='LayoutView', covariant=True)
 
 __all__ = ('ActionRow',)
diff --git a/examples/advanced_startup.py b/examples/advanced_startup.py
index 4a452188d..82d0a96d3 100644
--- a/examples/advanced_startup.py
+++ b/examples/advanced_startup.py
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 import asyncio
 import logging
 import logging.handlers
-import os
 
 from typing import List, Optional
 
diff --git a/examples/app_commands/basic.py b/examples/app_commands/basic.py
index f646643d0..7dc46c657 100644
--- a/examples/app_commands/basic.py
+++ b/examples/app_commands/basic.py
@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ MY_GUILD = discord.Object(id=0)  # replace with your guild id
 
 
 class MyClient(discord.Client):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self, *, intents: discord.Intents):
         super().__init__(intents=intents)
         # A CommandTree is a special type that holds all the application command
@@ -72,10 +75,17 @@ async def send(interaction: discord.Interaction, text_to_send: str):
 async def joined(interaction: discord.Interaction, member: Optional[discord.Member] = None):
     """Says when a member joined."""
     # If no member is explicitly provided then we use the command user here
-    member = member or interaction.user
+    user = member or interaction.user
+
+    # Tell the type checker that this is a Member
+    assert isinstance(user, discord.Member)
 
     # The format_dt function formats the date time into a human readable representation in the official client
-    await interaction.response.send_message(f'{member} joined {discord.utils.format_dt(member.joined_at)}')
+    # Joined at can be None in very bizarre cases so just handle that as well
+    if user.joined_at is None:
+        await interaction.response.send_message(f'{user} has no join date.')
+    else:
+        await interaction.response.send_message(f'{user} joined {discord.utils.format_dt(user.joined_at)}')
 
 
 # A Context Menu command is an app command that can be run on a member or on a message by
@@ -86,7 +96,12 @@ async def joined(interaction: discord.Interaction, member: Optional[discord.Memb
 @client.tree.context_menu(name='Show Join Date')
 async def show_join_date(interaction: discord.Interaction, member: discord.Member):
     # The format_dt function formats the date time into a human readable representation in the official client
-    await interaction.response.send_message(f'{member} joined at {discord.utils.format_dt(member.joined_at)}')
+    # Joined at can be None in very bizarre cases so just handle that as well
+
+    if member.joined_at is None:
+        await interaction.response.send_message(f'{member} has no join date.')
+    else:
+        await interaction.response.send_message(f'{member} joined at {discord.utils.format_dt(member.joined_at)}')
 
 
 # This context menu command only works on messages
@@ -97,9 +112,18 @@ async def report_message(interaction: discord.Interaction, message: discord.Mess
         f'Thanks for reporting this message by {message.author.mention} to our moderators.', ephemeral=True
     )
 
+    # Make sure that we're inside a guild
+    if interaction.guild is None:
+        await interaction.response.send_message('This command can only be used in a server.', ephemeral=True)
+        return
+
     # Handle report by sending it into a log channel
     log_channel = interaction.guild.get_channel(0)  # replace with your channel id
 
+    if log_channel is None or not isinstance(log_channel, discord.abc.Messageable):
+        await interaction.response.send_message('Log channel not found or not messageable.', ephemeral=True)
+        return
+
     embed = discord.Embed(title='Reported Message')
     if message.content:
         embed.description = message.content
diff --git a/examples/app_commands/transformers.py b/examples/app_commands/transformers.py
index 2fb1231c4..a8275ad07 100644
--- a/examples/app_commands/transformers.py
+++ b/examples/app_commands/transformers.py
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ MY_GUILD = discord.Object(id=0)  # replace with your guild id
 
 
 class MyClient(discord.Client):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self):
         super().__init__(intents=discord.Intents.default())
         self.tree = app_commands.CommandTree(self)
diff --git a/examples/background_task.py b/examples/background_task.py
index 657aeb34b..40d543c51 100644
--- a/examples/background_task.py
+++ b/examples/background_task.py
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ import discord
 
 
 class MyClient(discord.Client):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
@@ -21,8 +24,11 @@ class MyClient(discord.Client):
     @tasks.loop(seconds=60)  # task runs every 60 seconds
     async def my_background_task(self):
         channel = self.get_channel(1234567)  # channel ID goes here
+        # Tell the type checker that this is a messageable channel
+        assert isinstance(channel, discord.abc.Messageable)
+
         self.counter += 1
-        await channel.send(self.counter)
+        await channel.send(str(self.counter))
 
     @my_background_task.before_loop
     async def before_my_task(self):
diff --git a/examples/background_task_asyncio.py b/examples/background_task_asyncio.py
index 8e9f3ce65..33b19bb38 100644
--- a/examples/background_task_asyncio.py
+++ b/examples/background_task_asyncio.py
@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ import asyncio
 
 
 class MyClient(discord.Client):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
@@ -18,9 +21,13 @@ class MyClient(discord.Client):
         await self.wait_until_ready()
         counter = 0
         channel = self.get_channel(1234567)  # channel ID goes here
+
+        # Tell the type checker that this is a messageable channel
+        assert isinstance(channel, discord.abc.Messageable)
+
         while not self.is_closed():
             counter += 1
-            await channel.send(counter)
+            await channel.send(str(counter))
             await asyncio.sleep(60)  # task runs every 60 seconds
 
 
diff --git a/examples/basic_bot.py b/examples/basic_bot.py
index 6e6aee182..738ae291a 100644
--- a/examples/basic_bot.py
+++ b/examples/basic_bot.py
@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@ bot = commands.Bot(command_prefix='?', description=description, intents=intents)
 
 @bot.event
 async def on_ready():
+    # Tell the type checker that User is filled up at this point
+    assert bot.user is not None
+
     print(f'Logged in as {bot.user} (ID: {bot.user.id})')
     print('------')
 
@@ -57,7 +60,11 @@ async def repeat(ctx, times: int, content='repeating...'):
 @bot.command()
 async def joined(ctx, member: discord.Member):
     """Says when a member joined."""
-    await ctx.send(f'{member.name} joined {discord.utils.format_dt(member.joined_at)}')
+    # Joined at can be None in very bizarre cases so just handle that as well
+    if member.joined_at is None:
+        await ctx.send(f'{member} has no join date.')
+    else:
+        await ctx.send(f'{member} joined {discord.utils.format_dt(member.joined_at)}')
 
 
 @bot.group()
diff --git a/examples/basic_voice.py b/examples/basic_voice.py
index c0759e2a0..e21dd684b 100644
--- a/examples/basic_voice.py
+++ b/examples/basic_voice.py
@@ -25,10 +25,6 @@ ytdl_format_options = {
     'source_address': '0.0.0.0',  # bind to ipv4 since ipv6 addresses cause issues sometimes
 }
 
-ffmpeg_options = {
-    'options': '-vn',
-}
-
 ytdl = youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ytdl_format_options)
 
 
@@ -51,7 +47,7 @@ class YTDLSource(discord.PCMVolumeTransformer):
             data = data['entries'][0]
 
         filename = data['url'] if stream else ytdl.prepare_filename(data)
-        return cls(discord.FFmpegPCMAudio(filename, **ffmpeg_options), data=data)
+        return cls(discord.FFmpegPCMAudio(filename, options='-vn'), data=data)
 
 
 class Music(commands.Cog):
@@ -138,6 +134,9 @@ bot = commands.Bot(
 
 @bot.event
 async def on_ready():
+    # Tell the type checker that User is filled up at this point
+    assert bot.user is not None
+
     print(f'Logged in as {bot.user} (ID: {bot.user.id})')
     print('------')
 
diff --git a/examples/converters.py b/examples/converters.py
index f8cae5675..c1809692e 100644
--- a/examples/converters.py
+++ b/examples/converters.py
@@ -83,8 +83,14 @@ class ChannelOrMemberConverter(commands.Converter):
         raise commands.BadArgument(f'No Member or TextChannel could be converted from "{argument}"')
 
 
+# Make it so the converter is friendly to type checkers
+# The first parameter of typing.Annotated is the type we tell the type checker
+# The second parameter is what converter the library uses
+ChannelOrMember = typing.Annotated[typing.Union[discord.Member, discord.TextChannel], ChannelOrMemberConverter]
+
+
 @bot.command()
-async def notify(ctx: commands.Context, target: ChannelOrMemberConverter):
+async def notify(ctx: commands.Context, target: ChannelOrMember):
     # This command signature utilises the custom converter written above
     # What will happen during command invocation is that the `target` above will be passed to
     # the `argument` parameter of the `ChannelOrMemberConverter.convert` method and
@@ -118,8 +124,8 @@ async def multiply(ctx: commands.Context, number: int, maybe: bool):
     # See: https://discordpy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ext/commands/commands.html#bool
 
     if maybe is True:
-        return await ctx.send(number * 2)
-    await ctx.send(number * 5)
+        return await ctx.send(str(number * 2))
+    await ctx.send(str(number * 5))
 
 
 bot.run('token')
diff --git a/examples/deleted.py b/examples/deleted.py
index 97dac4631..1ac179643 100644
--- a/examples/deleted.py
+++ b/examples/deleted.py
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ import discord
 
 
 class MyClient(discord.Client):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     async def on_ready(self):
         print(f'Logged in as {self.user} (ID: {self.user.id})')
         print('------')
diff --git a/examples/edits.py b/examples/edits.py
index 5b089109c..422502a6e 100644
--- a/examples/edits.py
+++ b/examples/edits.py
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@ import asyncio
 
 
 class MyClient(discord.Client):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     async def on_ready(self):
         print(f'Logged in as {self.user} (ID: {self.user.id})')
         print('------')
diff --git a/examples/guessing_game.py b/examples/guessing_game.py
index dd6c26ca9..ff2a0bfc8 100644
--- a/examples/guessing_game.py
+++ b/examples/guessing_game.py
@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ import asyncio
 
 
 class MyClient(discord.Client):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     async def on_ready(self):
         print(f'Logged in as {self.user} (ID: {self.user.id})')
         print('------')
diff --git a/examples/modals/basic.py b/examples/modals/basic.py
index edde8435b..27215b669 100644
--- a/examples/modals/basic.py
+++ b/examples/modals/basic.py
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ TEST_GUILD = discord.Object(0)
 
 
 class MyClient(discord.Client):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         # Just default intents and a `discord.Client` instance
         # We don't need a `commands.Bot` instance because we are not
diff --git a/examples/new_member.py b/examples/new_member.py
index 7cc84251e..60fe94b20 100644
--- a/examples/new_member.py
+++ b/examples/new_member.py
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ import discord
 
 
 class MyClient(discord.Client):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     async def on_ready(self):
         print(f'Logged in as {self.user} (ID: {self.user.id})')
         print('------')
diff --git a/examples/reaction_roles.py b/examples/reaction_roles.py
index 99c4d17b6..2ab7e9f65 100644
--- a/examples/reaction_roles.py
+++ b/examples/reaction_roles.py
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ import discord
 
 
 class MyClient(discord.Client):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 
@@ -36,6 +39,9 @@ class MyClient(discord.Client):
             # Make sure the role still exists and is valid.
             return
 
+        # Tell the type checker that RawReactionActionEvent.member is not none during REACTION_ADD
+        assert payload.member is not None
+
         try:
             # Finally, add the role.
             await payload.member.add_roles(role)
diff --git a/examples/reply.py b/examples/reply.py
index f2ccb4a7c..94154894a 100644
--- a/examples/reply.py
+++ b/examples/reply.py
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ import discord
 
 
 class MyClient(discord.Client):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     async def on_ready(self):
         print(f'Logged in as {self.user} (ID: {self.user.id})')
         print('------')
diff --git a/examples/secret.py b/examples/secret.py
index 434b5f0aa..1d7e55877 100644
--- a/examples/secret.py
+++ b/examples/secret.py
@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@ async def text(ctx: commands.Context, name: str, *objects: typing.Union[discord.
 
     overwrites = create_overwrites(ctx, *objects)
 
+    # Tell the type checker that our Guild is not None
+    assert ctx.guild is not None
+
     await ctx.guild.create_text_channel(
         name,
         overwrites=overwrites,
@@ -69,6 +72,8 @@ async def voice(ctx: commands.Context, name: str, *objects: typing.Union[discord
 
     overwrites = create_overwrites(ctx, *objects)
 
+    assert ctx.guild is not None
+
     await ctx.guild.create_voice_channel(
         name,
         overwrites=overwrites,
@@ -86,6 +91,8 @@ async def emoji(ctx: commands.Context, emoji: discord.PartialEmoji, *roles: disc
     # fetch the emoji asset and read it as bytes.
     emoji_bytes = await emoji.read()
 
+    assert ctx.guild is not None
+
     # the key parameter here is `roles`, which controls
     # what roles are able to use the emoji.
     await ctx.guild.create_custom_emoji(
diff --git a/examples/views/confirm.py b/examples/views/confirm.py
index 5500dc2a6..7695aac70 100644
--- a/examples/views/confirm.py
+++ b/examples/views/confirm.py
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import discord
 
 
 class Bot(commands.Bot):
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self):
         intents = discord.Intents.default()
         intents.message_content = True
diff --git a/examples/views/counter.py b/examples/views/counter.py
index e3cd40e81..6d18c3be5 100644
--- a/examples/views/counter.py
+++ b/examples/views/counter.py
@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ import discord
 
 
 class CounterBot(commands.Bot):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self):
         intents = discord.Intents.default()
         intents.message_content = True
diff --git a/examples/views/dropdown.py b/examples/views/dropdown.py
index eb055eebd..d02921b0a 100644
--- a/examples/views/dropdown.py
+++ b/examples/views/dropdown.py
@@ -38,6 +38,9 @@ class DropdownView(discord.ui.View):
 
 
 class Bot(commands.Bot):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self):
         intents = discord.Intents.default()
         intents.message_content = True
diff --git a/examples/views/dynamic_counter.py b/examples/views/dynamic_counter.py
index cfb02ee5d..848b569a6 100644
--- a/examples/views/dynamic_counter.py
+++ b/examples/views/dynamic_counter.py
@@ -70,6 +70,9 @@ class DynamicCounter(
 
 
 class DynamicCounterBot(commands.Bot):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self):
         intents = discord.Intents.default()
         super().__init__(command_prefix=commands.when_mentioned, intents=intents)
diff --git a/examples/views/ephemeral.py b/examples/views/ephemeral.py
index 5a5fbffab..3864e945d 100644
--- a/examples/views/ephemeral.py
+++ b/examples/views/ephemeral.py
@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ import discord
 
 
 class EphemeralCounterBot(commands.Bot):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self):
         intents = discord.Intents.default()
         intents.message_content = True
diff --git a/examples/views/layout.py b/examples/views/layout.py
index 70effc30c..a5d161329 100644
--- a/examples/views/layout.py
+++ b/examples/views/layout.py
@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ import discord
 
 
 class Bot(commands.Bot):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self):
         intents = discord.Intents.default()
         intents.message_content = True
diff --git a/examples/views/link.py b/examples/views/link.py
index 3838fb72f..13394891c 100644
--- a/examples/views/link.py
+++ b/examples/views/link.py
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ from urllib.parse import quote_plus
 
 
 class GoogleBot(commands.Bot):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self):
         intents = discord.Intents.default()
         intents.message_content = True
diff --git a/examples/views/persistent.py b/examples/views/persistent.py
index 14b267190..90050ea03 100644
--- a/examples/views/persistent.py
+++ b/examples/views/persistent.py
@@ -64,6 +64,9 @@ class DynamicButton(discord.ui.DynamicItem[discord.ui.Button], template=r'button
 
 
 class PersistentViewBot(commands.Bot):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self):
         intents = discord.Intents.default()
         intents.message_content = True
diff --git a/examples/views/tic_tac_toe.py b/examples/views/tic_tac_toe.py
index eff638ae3..f016c72ca 100644
--- a/examples/views/tic_tac_toe.py
+++ b/examples/views/tic_tac_toe.py
@@ -121,6 +121,9 @@ class TicTacToe(discord.ui.View):
 
 
 class TicTacToeBot(commands.Bot):
+    # Suppress error on the User attribute being None since it fills up later
+    user: discord.ClientUser
+
     def __init__(self):
         intents = discord.Intents.default()
         intents.message_content = True