diff --git a/src/block/Anvil.php b/src/block/Anvil.php
index a859210fd..ef8ef3f62 100644
--- a/src/block/Anvil.php
+++ b/src/block/Anvil.php
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class Anvil extends Transparent implements Fallable{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeType(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(2, $this->getDamage());
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(2, self::UNDAMAGED, self::VERY_DAMAGED, $this->getDamage());
 	}
 
 	public function getRequiredStateDataBits() : int{ return 2; }
diff --git a/src/block/Bamboo.php b/src/block/Bamboo.php
index eaf6c26db..c8be857b0 100644
--- a/src/block/Bamboo.php
+++ b/src/block/Bamboo.php
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class Bamboo extends Transparent{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(2, $this->getLeafSize());
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(2, self::NO_LEAVES, self::LARGE_LEAVES, $this->getLeafSize());
 		$w->writeBool($this->isThick());
 		$w->writeBool($this->isReady());
 	}
diff --git a/src/block/Cactus.php b/src/block/Cactus.php
index cc8c602bf..f1c4a5909 100644
--- a/src/block/Cactus.php
+++ b/src/block/Cactus.php
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class Cactus extends Transparent{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(4, $this->age);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(4, 0, self::MAX_AGE, $this->age);
 	}
 
 	public function getAge() : int{ return $this->age; }
diff --git a/src/block/Cake.php b/src/block/Cake.php
index cbb8f9389..d3841e9ef 100644
--- a/src/block/Cake.php
+++ b/src/block/Cake.php
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class Cake extends Transparent implements FoodSource{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(3, $this->bites);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(3, 0, self::MAX_BITES, $this->bites);
 	}
 
 	/**
diff --git a/src/block/CocoaBlock.php b/src/block/CocoaBlock.php
index 5056598c3..bc6b892ca 100644
--- a/src/block/CocoaBlock.php
+++ b/src/block/CocoaBlock.php
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class CocoaBlock extends Transparent{
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
 		$w->writeHorizontalFacing($this->facing);
-		$w->writeInt(2, $this->age);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(2, 0, self::MAX_AGE, $this->age);
 	}
 
 	public function getAge() : int{ return $this->age; }
diff --git a/src/block/Crops.php b/src/block/Crops.php
index f916dfb7d..52242cfe4 100644
--- a/src/block/Crops.php
+++ b/src/block/Crops.php
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ abstract class Crops extends Flowable{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(3, $this->age);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(3, 0, self::MAX_AGE, $this->age);
 	}
 
 	public function getAge() : int{ return $this->age; }
diff --git a/src/block/DaylightSensor.php b/src/block/DaylightSensor.php
index 8718b89c2..93ea4ce60 100644
--- a/src/block/DaylightSensor.php
+++ b/src/block/DaylightSensor.php
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class DaylightSensor extends Transparent{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(4, $this->signalStrength);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(4, 0, 15, $this->signalStrength);
 		$w->writeBool($this->inverted);
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/block/Farmland.php b/src/block/Farmland.php
index 989254bc9..9cbb55c93 100644
--- a/src/block/Farmland.php
+++ b/src/block/Farmland.php
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class Farmland extends Transparent{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(3, $this->wetness);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(3, 0, self::MAX_WETNESS, $this->wetness);
 	}
 
 	public function getWetness() : int{ return $this->wetness; }
diff --git a/src/block/Fire.php b/src/block/Fire.php
index 503dd1dc3..45546c720 100644
--- a/src/block/Fire.php
+++ b/src/block/Fire.php
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class Fire extends BaseFire{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(4, $this->age);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(4, 0, self::MAX_AGE, $this->age);
 	}
 
 	public function getAge() : int{ return $this->age; }
diff --git a/src/block/FrostedIce.php b/src/block/FrostedIce.php
index 60a42a4a5..8aba73644 100644
--- a/src/block/FrostedIce.php
+++ b/src/block/FrostedIce.php
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class FrostedIce extends Ice{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(2, $this->age);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(2, 0, self::MAX_AGE, $this->age);
 	}
 
 	public function getAge() : int{ return $this->age; }
diff --git a/src/block/Light.php b/src/block/Light.php
index b2d39fb9f..9313cb19f 100644
--- a/src/block/Light.php
+++ b/src/block/Light.php
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ final class Light extends Flowable{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeType(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(4, $this->level);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(4, self::MIN_LIGHT_LEVEL, self::MAX_LIGHT_LEVEL, $this->level);
 	}
 
 	public function getLightLevel() : int{ return $this->level; }
diff --git a/src/block/Liquid.php b/src/block/Liquid.php
index 93c8219f5..81f34e6f6 100644
--- a/src/block/Liquid.php
+++ b/src/block/Liquid.php
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ abstract class Liquid extends Transparent{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(3, $this->decay);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(3, 0, self::MAX_DECAY, $this->decay);
 		$w->writeBool($this->falling);
 		$w->writeBool($this->still);
 	}
diff --git a/src/block/NetherWartPlant.php b/src/block/NetherWartPlant.php
index d6c2287b1..13da176e7 100644
--- a/src/block/NetherWartPlant.php
+++ b/src/block/NetherWartPlant.php
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class NetherWartPlant extends Flowable{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(2, $this->age);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(2, 0, self::MAX_AGE, $this->age);
 	}
 
 	public function getAge() : int{ return $this->age; }
diff --git a/src/block/RedstoneRepeater.php b/src/block/RedstoneRepeater.php
index 3b77bb262..b680d52cc 100644
--- a/src/block/RedstoneRepeater.php
+++ b/src/block/RedstoneRepeater.php
@@ -48,13 +48,13 @@ class RedstoneRepeater extends Flowable{
 
 	protected function decodeState(RuntimeDataReader $r) : void{
 		$this->facing = $r->readHorizontalFacing();
-		$this->delay = $r->readBoundedInt(2, self::MIN_DELAY - 1, self::MAX_DELAY - 1) + 1;
+		$this->delay = $r->readBoundedInt(2, self::MIN_DELAY, self::MAX_DELAY);
 		$this->powered = $r->readBool();
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
 		$w->writeHorizontalFacing($this->facing);
-		$w->writeInt(2, $this->delay - 1);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(2, self::MIN_DELAY, self::MAX_DELAY, $this->delay);
 		$w->writeBool($this->powered);
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/block/SeaPickle.php b/src/block/SeaPickle.php
index 4be3b89d7..d6e0f32a7 100644
--- a/src/block/SeaPickle.php
+++ b/src/block/SeaPickle.php
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ class SeaPickle extends Transparent{
 	public function getRequiredStateDataBits() : int{ return 3; }
 
 	protected function decodeState(RuntimeDataReader $r) : void{
-		$this->count = $r->readBoundedInt(2, self::MIN_COUNT - 1, self::MAX_COUNT - 1) + 1;
+		$this->count = $r->readBoundedInt(2, self::MIN_COUNT, self::MAX_COUNT);
 		$this->underwater = $r->readBool();
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(2, $this->count - 1);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(2, self::MIN_COUNT, self::MAX_COUNT, $this->count);
 		$w->writeBool($this->underwater);
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/block/SnowLayer.php b/src/block/SnowLayer.php
index d629d4d04..f45afc9f9 100644
--- a/src/block/SnowLayer.php
+++ b/src/block/SnowLayer.php
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ class SnowLayer extends Flowable implements Fallable{
 	public function getRequiredStateDataBits() : int{ return 3; }
 
 	protected function decodeState(RuntimeDataReader $r) : void{
-		$this->layers = $r->readBoundedInt(3, self::MIN_LAYERS - 1, self::MAX_LAYERS - 1) + 1;
+		$this->layers = $r->readBoundedInt(3, self::MIN_LAYERS, self::MAX_LAYERS);
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(3, $this->layers - 1);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(3, self::MIN_LAYERS, self::MAX_LAYERS, $this->layers);
 	}
 
 	public function getLayers() : int{ return $this->layers; }
diff --git a/src/block/Sugarcane.php b/src/block/Sugarcane.php
index f91f13a5e..6985cd487 100644
--- a/src/block/Sugarcane.php
+++ b/src/block/Sugarcane.php
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class Sugarcane extends Flowable{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(4, $this->age);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(4, 0, self::MAX_AGE, $this->age);
 	}
 
 	private function grow() : bool{
diff --git a/src/block/SweetBerryBush.php b/src/block/SweetBerryBush.php
index 54e785664..1fa1e180c 100644
--- a/src/block/SweetBerryBush.php
+++ b/src/block/SweetBerryBush.php
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ class SweetBerryBush extends Flowable{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(3, $this->age);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(3, self::STAGE_SAPLING, self::STAGE_MATURE, $this->age);
 	}
 
 	public function getAge() : int{ return $this->age; }
diff --git a/src/block/utils/AnalogRedstoneSignalEmitterTrait.php b/src/block/utils/AnalogRedstoneSignalEmitterTrait.php
index 22d266aa7..1b9f5b26b 100644
--- a/src/block/utils/AnalogRedstoneSignalEmitterTrait.php
+++ b/src/block/utils/AnalogRedstoneSignalEmitterTrait.php
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ trait AnalogRedstoneSignalEmitterTrait{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(4, $this->signalStrength);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(4, 0, 15, $this->signalStrength);
 	}
 
 	public function getOutputSignalStrength() : int{ return $this->signalStrength; }
diff --git a/src/block/utils/SignLikeRotationTrait.php b/src/block/utils/SignLikeRotationTrait.php
index e5773dbbd..96d0b9ef6 100644
--- a/src/block/utils/SignLikeRotationTrait.php
+++ b/src/block/utils/SignLikeRotationTrait.php
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ trait SignLikeRotationTrait{
 	}
 
 	protected function encodeState(RuntimeDataWriter $w) : void{
-		$w->writeInt(4, $this->rotation);
+		$w->writeBoundedInt(4, 0, 15, $this->rotation);
 	}
 
 	public function getRotation() : int{ return $this->rotation; }
diff --git a/src/data/runtime/RuntimeDataReader.php b/src/data/runtime/RuntimeDataReader.php
index 46c59cb27..a5bcc72cf 100644
--- a/src/data/runtime/RuntimeDataReader.php
+++ b/src/data/runtime/RuntimeDataReader.php
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ final class RuntimeDataReader{
 	}
 
 	public function readBoundedInt(int $bits, int $min, int $max) : int{
-		$result = $this->readInt($bits);
+		$result = $this->readInt($bits) + $min;
 		if($result < $min || $result > $max){
 			throw new InvalidSerializedRuntimeDataException("Value is outside the range $min - $max");
 		}
diff --git a/src/data/runtime/RuntimeDataWriter.php b/src/data/runtime/RuntimeDataWriter.php
index c00759237..c10de5cea 100644
--- a/src/data/runtime/RuntimeDataWriter.php
+++ b/src/data/runtime/RuntimeDataWriter.php
@@ -52,6 +52,15 @@ final class RuntimeDataWriter{
 		return $this;
 	}
 
+	/** @param int $bits *@return $this */
+	public function writeBoundedInt(int $bits, int $min, int $max, int $value) : self{
+		if($value < $min || $value > $max){
+			throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Value $value is outside the range $min - $max");
+		}
+		$this->writeInt($bits, $value - $min);
+		return $this;
+	}
+
 	/** @return $this */
 	public function writeBool(bool $value) : self{
 		return $this->writeInt(1, $value ? 1 : 0);
@@ -104,7 +113,7 @@ final class RuntimeDataWriter{
 	public function writeWallConnections(array $connections) : self{
 		//TODO: we can pack this into 7 bits instead of 8
 		foreach(Facing::HORIZONTAL as $facing){
-			$this->writeInt(2, match($connections[$facing] ?? null){
+			$this->writeBoundedInt(2, 0, 2, match($connections[$facing] ?? null){
 				null => 0,
 				WallConnectionType::SHORT() => 1,
 				WallConnectionType::TALL() => 2,